Construction of training program for improving psychological nursing ability of clinical nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To construct a training program to improve the psychological nursing ability of clinical nurses, so as to provide a strong guarantee for the clinical development of psychological nursing.Methods:By consulting the literature, related books and investigating the curriculum of nursing colleges, the first draft of the training program was drawn up. Four departments of Cardiovascular Medicine of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from May to August 2019 were recruited and 64 nurses were trained. After the training, the training program was revised again. After two rounds of training and modification, the second draft of the training program was formed, and then Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation on the second draft of the training program.Results:The positive coefficients of experts in the two rounds of consultation were 94.1% and 96.7% respectively, and the average authority coefficient of experts was 0.81. The final training contents included 5 first-class indexes, 18 second-class indexes and 45 third-class indexes. The coefficient of variation of each item of training contents was 0.06-0.23, and the coefficient of variation of training methods and training duration of each part was 0.06-0.17.Conclusions:The training program is scientific, reasonable, detailed and practical, which can provide guarantee for improving the psychological nursing ability of clinical nurses.

Posture-reading by men's football goalkeepers and other factors in saving penalty kicks / Leitura pelo goleiro da postura do cobrador de pênaltis no futebol masculino e outros fatores na defesa / Lectura por el golero de la postura del ejecutante de penales en el fútbol masculino y otros factores en la atajada

ABSTRACT Penalty kicks are often decisive in football matches. Therefore, any technique that yields an advantage either in scoring or saving them is of great importance. Here we show the influence of a training programme for goalkeepers on the probability of defending penalties in men's football. Virtual training was used through an app that shows the shooter at the moment of setting the support foot on the ground and requiring the answer of which side (right or left) the ball will be directed at. Complemented with physical training, four sub 21 professional goalkeepers from Santarém, Brazil, developed the ability to correctly choose the side (left or right) at which the ball will be aimed. Sets of 800 penalties were kicked before (acting as control group) and after the training programme and it was found that, after training, the chances of saving penalty kicks or, at least, choosing the correct side, increase dramatically. It is concluded that the training programme improved the goalkeeper's ability to choose the correct side. Other factors (laterality and height) were not found to be statistically significant.

RESUMO Os pênaltis são frequentemente decisivos em partidas de futebol. Portanto, qualquer técnica que produza uma vantagem tanto para marcar como para salvá-los é de grande importância. Aqui mostramos a influência de um programa de treinamento de goleiros na probabilidade de defesa de pênaltis no futebol masculino. O treinamento virtual foi utilizado por meio de um aplicativo que mostra o chutador no momento de colocar o pé de apoio no solo e exigir a resposta de qual lado (direito ou esquerdo) a bola será direcionada. Complementado com treinamento físico, quatro goleiros profissionais sub 21 de Santarém, Brasil, desenvolveram a habilidade de escolher corretamente o lado (esquerdo ou direito) para o qual a bola seria direcionada. Conjuntos de 800 pênaltis foram chutados antes (agindo como um grupo de controle) e depois do programa de treinamento e verificou-se que, após o treino, as chances de salvar pênaltis ou, pelo menos, de escolher o lado correto aumentam drasticamente. Conclui-se que o programa de treinamento melhorou a habilidade do goleiro em escolher o lado correto. Outros fatores (lateralidade e estatura) não mostraram ser estadísticamente significativos.

RESUMEN Los tiros penales suelen ser decisivos en los partidos de fútbol. Por lo tanto, cualquier técnica que proporcione una ventaja, ya sea para anotar o para atajarlos, es de gran importancia. Aquí mostramos la influencia de un programa de entrenamiento para goleros sobre la probabilidad de atajar los penaltis en el fútbol masculino. Se utilizó entrenamiento virtual a través de una aplicación que muestra al tirador en el momento de poner el pie de apoyo en el suelo y que requiere la respuesta de hacia qué lado (derecho o izquierdo) se dirigirá el balón. Complementado con entrenamiento físico, cuatro goleros profesionales sub 21 de Santarém, Brasil, desarrollaron la capacidad de elegir correctamente el lado (izquierdo o derecho) al que se dirigiría el balón. Se lanzaron series de 800 penales antes (actuando como un grupo de control) y después del programa de entrenamiento y se encontró que, después del entrenamiento, las posibilidades de atajarlos o, al menos, elegir el lado correcto, aumentan drásticamente. Se concluye que el programa de entrenamiento mejoró la capacidad del golero para elegir el lado correcto. Otros factores (lateralidad y estatura) no mostraron ser estadísticamente significativos.

Nurse led intervention on the self-management of glaucoma among patients at federal medical center Idi Aba, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

Background: The damaging and insidious nature of glaucoma make it spread gradually without being noticed but causes serious harm. In support to this, failure to have adequate knowledge leads to late detection and poses management problem in preventing blindness from glaucoma among glaucoma patients. This study tends to fill such gap by assessing the effect of nurse-led intervention on the self-management of glaucoma among glaucoma patients at Federal Medical Center Idi Aba Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.Methods: The study utilized one group pre-test, posttest quasi experimental research design with 97 glaucoma patients. Two research instruments were used to collect data. Data were collected over six weeks in three phases. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data for the research questions.Results: Mean score of knowledge level of participants on glaucoma increased from 8.13±3.14 (pre intervention) to 15.91±1.68 (post intervention). Pre intervention knowledge mean score level of participants on glaucoma self-management increased from 9.28±3.76 to post intervention mean score of 18.12±1.09; pre intervention skills' mean score of participants on the effective eye drop instillation increased from 4.23±0.88 to 8.47±0.53 at post intervention mean score.Conclusions: The training package enhanced the general knowledge and self-management of glaucoma, as well as skills in eye drop instillation. It is therefore recommended that there is need for nurses to provide clear and detailed instructions on how glaucoma medication must be effectively instilled.

Nutritional Status Of Patients Receiving Chemotherapy At Tertiary Hospital Of Central India

Background: Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy have a high risk of malnutrition secondary to the disease and treatment, and majority of cancer patients suffer from different degrees of malnutrition, depending on tumour subtype, location, staging and treatment strategy. Early nutritional assessment can identify problems to help patients increase or maintain weight, improve their response to treatment, and reduce complications. This study aimed to determine the nutritional status of patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 447 subjects diagnosed with cancer of various sites and scheduled for three cycles of induction or adjuvant chemotherapy. Nutritional status of each subject was assessed based on nutritional parameters i.e. Anthropometric [BMI, MAMC, TSF, and MAC] and Biochemical [(Haemoglobin, Serum electrolytes and Albumin)] measurements before the initiation of chemotherapy, and follow-up assessment was performed on the completion of third cycle of chemotherapy. Results: In this study it has been found that 95% of subjects suffered from weight loss post chemotherapy. The't' test showed a significant decrease in TSF [t=4.8(p<0.01)], MAC [t=5.94 (p<0.01)] and MAMC, t=5.34(p<0.01) before and after 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Conclusion:The nutritional status assessment must be carried out on each patient at the beginning and during the treatment. The cancer patients are at high risk of malnutrition and associated comorbidities. K

The relationship between learning styles and motivation to transfer of learning in a vocational training programme / Relación entre estilos de aprendizaje y motivación para transferir aprendizajes en formación profesional

Although there is ample research about Kolb's learning styles, few studies have examined their relationship with motivations to transfer, a concept used to assess whether the content and competencies learned through professional training activities are transferred to the workplace context. Ninety-six students (M = 24.58 years old; 99% males) from three vocational training institutes participated in laboratory activities at the Renewable Energy Research Institute of the University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. They completed a selfadministered questionnaire that included the Kolb's Learning Styles Inventory; two scales adapted to measure student motivation to transfer their learning from training experiences; and a scale of satisfaction with the activities. A correlation analysis showed positive and moderately strong correlations (r = .708; p < .01) between motivations to transfer and "the relevance of the activities to academic performance". A discriminant analysis between transfer and learning styles revealed that the "Student training motivation" item resulted in a distinct difference between assimilators and convergers, explaining 97.1% of the model variance (Wilks' λ = .459; ­χ² = 21.028; Sig. = .002) and classifying 56.4% of the cases. A discussion is presented as to the implications of these results for the theory of learning styles and the ways in which the design of the educational activities described in the study can be improved.

Aunque abundan investigaciones sobre los estilos de aprendizaje de Kolb, escasean estudios sobre su relación con la motivación para el transfer, un concepto utilizado para evaluar la transferencia de contenidos y competencias adquiridas en actividades de formación al contexto laboral. Noventa y seis estudiantes (M = 24.58 años de edad; el 99% varones) de 3 institutos de formación profesional participaron en actividades de laboratorio en el Instituto de Energías Renovables de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, España. Completaron un cuestionario autoadministrado que incluía el Inventario de Estilos de Aprendizaje de Kolb; 2 escalas adaptadas para medir la motivación para el transfer de los estudiantes; y una escala de satisfacción con las actividades. Se observan correlaciones positivas y moderadamente fuertes (r = .708; p < .01) entre el transfer y la «valoración de la utilidad de las prácticas para sus actividades académicas¼. Un análisis discriminante entre el transfer y los estilos de aprendizaje reveló que «la motivación de los estudiantes¼ diferencia claramente entre asimiladores y convergentes; lo que explica el 97.1% de la varianza modelo (Wilks λ = .459; χ ² = 21.028; Sig. = .002) y una clasificación del 56.4% de los casos. Se discuten las implicaciones para la teoría de los estilos de aprendizaje y las mejoras en el diseño de este tipo de actividades.

Impact of infection control training for interns on PICU-acquired bloodstream infections in a middle-income country

<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>The present study aimed to determine the impact of an extended infection control training programme, which was conducted for all interns posted to the Department of Paediatrics, on the incidence of paediatric intensive care unit (PICU)-acquired bloodstream infections (BSIs) in University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The development of nosocomial BSIs during the baseline period (1 January-31 October 2008) and intervention period (1 November-31 December 2009) was monitored. During the intervention period, all paediatric interns underwent training in hand hygiene and aseptic techniques for accessing vascular catheters.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 25 patients had PICU-acquired BSIs during the baseline period, while 18 patients had PICU-acquired BSIs during the intervention period (i.e. infection rate of 88 per 1,000 and 41 per 1,000 admissions, respectively). The infections were related to central venous catheters (CVCs) in 22 of the 25 patients who had PICU-acquired BSIs during the baseline period and 11 of the 18 patients who had PICU-acquired BSIs during the intervention period. Thus, the incidence rates of catheter-related BSIs were 25.2 per 1,000 CVC-days and 9.3 per 1,000 CVC-days, respectively (p < 0.05). The Paediatric Risk of Standardised Mortality III score was an independent risk factor for PICU-acquired BSIs and the intervention significantly reduced this risk.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The education of medical interns on infection control, a relatively low-cost intervention, resulted in a substantial reduction in the incidence of PICU-acquired BSIs.</p>

Physician's perspectives about consent in medical practice a questionnaire based study.

It is a principle recognised not only by our own but by other legal systems that ignorance of the law is no excuse for violating it. Obtaining informed consent is act like a shield to protect a medical practitioner from litigation suits and claims and also help in maintaining autonomy of the patient. With this background, the study was aimed to assess knowledge and various other perspectives of medical fraternity regarding some aspects of consent. A cross sectional survey was conducted at Pramukhswami Medial College, Karamsad during the year 2009. Total 150 physicians in the institute were given questionnaire, asking for information about their knowledge & level of satisfaction. Out of which 117 physicians have responded. 68.42% physicians felt satisfied about their knowledge of consent in medical practice but 76.31% physicians responded that their knowledge about various aspects applicable to them is limited or nil. 54.39% physicians expressed that they knew validity of consent. 50% physicians were not clear what to do if relatives deny for giving consent in emergency situation. Medical practitioner should upgrade their knowledge regarding medical jurisprudence and legal medicine to avoid any litigation, by regular medicolegal training programmes.

Programa de formación en competencias transversales o genéricas para el empleo y desarrollo de la profesión enfermera / Training programme on generic or transversal competencies for employment and development of the nursing profession

Resumen:

Las competencias transversales serían aquellas que rebasan los límites de una disciplina para desarrollarse potencialmente en todas ellas: habilidades necesarias para ejercer eficazmente cualquier profesión que no se consideran de forma explícita en una asignatura determinada, al menos en Ciencias de la Salud. Así ocurre en Enfermería, en la que por otra parte adquirir dichas competencias incide de una forma sustancial en la formación de profesionales para las demandas de la sociedad y del mercado de trabajo.

Nos planteamos la necesidad de establecer algún tipo de actuación que propicie la adquisición de competencias en este sentido, que no están cubiertas en las materias curriculares, y por ello se propone un programa piloto de formación en competencias básicas para el empleo, integrado por una serie de talleres que podrían ser desarrollados en uno de los dos últimos cursos del Grado en Enfermería.

Abstract:

Transversal competencies are those that exceed the limits of a discipline to develop potential in all of them: skills necessary to effectively exercise any profession that are not considered explicitly in a given subject, at least in Health Sciences. This is true in Nursing, which otherwise acquire such skills in a substantial impact on the training of professionals for the demands of society and labor market. We propose the need of some type of action that encourages the acquisition of skills in this regard, which are not covered in the curriculum materials, and therefore proposes a pilot training program in basic skills for employment and work, composed of a series of workshops that could be developed into one of the last two years of graduate programs in Nursing.

Competências transversales são aqueles que excedem os limites de uma disciplina para desenvolver o potencial em todos eles: habilidades necessárias para efetivamente exercer qualquer profissão que não são considerados explicitamente em um determinado assunto, pelo menos em Ciências da Saúde. Isto é verdade em Enfermagem, que de outra forma adquirir tais conhecimentos em um impacto substancial na formação de profissionais para as demandas da sociedade e do mercado de trabalho. Propomos a necessidade de algum tipo de ação que incentiva a aquisição de competências nesta matéria, que não são abrangidos no material curricular e, portanto, propõe um programa de treinamento de pilotos em competências básicas para o emprego eo trabalho, composto por uma série de workshops, que poderão ser desenvolvidas em um dos dois últimos anos de cursos de graduação em Enfermagem.

Community based Training program: / 国際保健医療

<Dl><b>Purpose:</b><br>To investigate characteristics of community-based issues in nutrition and to assess the effectiveness of a training programme developed to address them.<br><b>Design:</b><br>The JICA trainee was the chief of the nutrition section of the Nepali Ministry of Health. The project was undertaken after reviewing, in co-operation with JICA, the aims and expected results of the programme. The Nepali trainee alone determined the theme of the programme after considering results of an issue analysis. A programme was then designed to link policy with community realities, incorporating lectures, discussion, and on-site practice. Educational materials employed were those already in use in nutrition programmes both within Japan and in other countries. To create a plan of action, the trainee undertook an analysis of the Nepali communities' institutional and human resources. <br>Evaluation of the training programme took place on two levels. The trainee self-evaluated her own issues analysis, community resource assessments, and action plan. Additionally, comments made by the trainee during the training period were recorded, categorized and evaluated.<br><b>Results:</b><Dt>1. The trainee's analysis of the action plan:<br><Dd>1-1. Community issues were analyzed with support of the Japanese staff. The theme of the training was "Awareness of community resources is an essential part of any nutritional programme".<br>1-2. Through the analysis of institutional and human resources, the "Tea Shop" was found to be key to the community's nutritional improvement.<br><Dt>2. Staff analysis of the trainee's comments:<br><Dd>2-1. Five stages in the change of the trainee's attitude were observed.<br>  First stage: Shouldn't the responsibility for resolving nutritional issues be with local workers and organizations?<br>  Second stage: What are the needs of the local citizens?<br>  Third stage: What are the responsibilities of the leaders?<br>  Fourth stage: What is needed for me to fulfill my duties?<br>  Fifth stage: What is the first thing I should do after returning to my office?<br><Dd>2-2. Support by staff was thought to be effective in making clear the tasks required of the trainee, in providing a framework for understanding the issues from the community viewpoint, identifying methods for establishing links between community and government and making government-produced materials relevant to the community, informing the process of educational materials development, and analyzing community resources.</Dl>

Buddhist monks and primary health care: A case study of the primary health care training programme during 1979-1983.

During the year 1979-1983, 1376 Buddhist monks from rural area of the central region had attended “the Primary Health Care Training Programme” conducted by the Folk Doctor Foundation. 63.9 percent of them were more than 40 years old and 54.6 percent of them had entered the priesthood for more than 20 years. 55.6 percent had ever taken care of the sick people by western medicines as well as traditional medicines. They also had some experiences in giving first aid to the injured people. 45.9 percent had ever read books and journals related to health. 61.2 percent were familiar to doctors and health personnels in their locality. After the training, they could play roles in health education, sanitation, disease prevention, and nutrition, the use of common household medicines and herbal medicines and community development.